Political Challenges on the Eve of Independence..
Its my considered opinion that to truly understand the Indian polity one has to go far back into the political environment at the time of its birth, for studying it from the perspective of the present 21st century will be onerous. The great men and women, whose ideas have shaped our present, were supremely dedicated to the ‘upbringing’ of this young nation – managing with whatever little resources they had to tackle the whims and fancies of volatile socio-economic currents and shield from a hostile external environment.
HUM LAAYE HAIN TOOFAN SEY KASHTI NIKAAL KEY IS DESH KO RAKHNA MEREY BACCHON SAMBHAAL KEY.
It had no constitution to govern till 1950 and enacting a constituition is not the end of all, It needs to be implemented in letter and spirit, through the various institutions, whose sanctity need to be ensured, particularly by those who are in Power and thats not easy all the time because of the many compulsions that the Political organisations and Government faces , specifically ; Electoral compulsions in a democratic setup.
There existed divisive trends and mischievous minds could exploit those for their own vested interests. In a society which experienced partition based on Religion, whose history is 5000 years old, there will always be discontended groups of people who would have been either carrying grudges against other groups or being wronged and subjugated by another group, so, its not all that difficult to whip up communal sentiments. Thus, in no time , Language, caste, religion, ethnicity can be made emotive issues and property worth crores can be looted and destroyed and people can be killed. Simple Excuse ; Hurting Religious Sentiments.
The name India i.e Bharat i.e Hindustan suggests that the name itself means differently to different people and they had to be satisfied.
Thence the initial task for the Governement in 1947 formed as an aftermath of bloodshed and displacement of millions, was to calm down the nerves of the people and remove the animosity amongst warring communities .
Integration of Kingdoms by itself was a tedious work , it could be attained by legal enactment but Emotional integration was much more tedious. So many
movements for the creation of a seperate state or against Hindi started ; in Tamilnadu, in Punjab movement for Punjabi suba & Punjabi language , under which Punjabi and gurmukhi were made official state language resulting in, People of Hindi speaking areas of Punjab resisting this imposition, for a seperate State by Gujarati speaking people, for a Telugu speaking state and Kanada speaking regions of Southern India and above all followers of Periyar E V Ramasamy displaying Black Flags on 15 Aug 1947, stating that, Freedom meant, transfer of power from the “British to the Brahmins and Baniyas”...." ;
Thirdly, country was hopelessly poor as a result of steady deindustrialization by Britain. Poverty, Discrimination, Illiteracy and Shortages ; Power, Jobs, Roads, rail…
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